The Dutchman led every lap as he took his career tally to 41 wins, stepping up alongside Brazil's late triple champion Ayrton Senna in the record books.
Fernando Alonso finished second for Aston Martin at Montreal's Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, the Spaniard's sixth podium in eight races, with Britain's seven times world champion Lewis Hamilton third for Mercedes.
Red Bull have won every race so far this season and Canada was double world champion Verstappen's sixth of the campaign and fourth in a row.
Verstappen's teammate and closest rival Sergio Perez finished sixth but took a bonus point for fastest lap.
"Today, to win the 100th grand prix for the team that's pretty incredible," said Verstappen, who has now led more than 200 consecutive laps.
"I never expected to be in these kinds of numbers myself as well, we keep enjoying, we keep working hard but today has been a great day."
After a sub-par qualifying effort that saw him start 12th, Perez moved up to finish sixth and take the bonus point for the fastest lap.
There was also some disappointment in the Aston Martin garage with the team unable to deliver the double podium result owner Lawrence Stroll had asked for at his home race.
While Alonso reached the podium, the Canadian billionaire's son Lance Stroll finished ninth.
"We were hoping to challenge more the Red Bulls," said Alonso. "It was a battle with the Mercedes, we were pushing all the race so I didn't have one lap where I could relax a little bit, an amazing battle.
"It was tough, a very demanding race, almost 70 laps of qualifying."
Hamilton's third place provided more proof that Mercedes are heading in the right direction as the team looks to close the gap on the rampaging Red Bulls.
It is the second consecutive Grand Prix Hamilton has appeared on the podium while teammate George Russell had looked a threat until spinning into the wall early in the race, damaging his car. He did not finish the race.
For the second straight year Verstappen won from pole on the island circuit. He bolted away from pack at the start and was never under threat but was also unable to pull away, finishing 9.5 seconds clear of Alonso.
Hamilton was followed home by the two Ferraris, with Charles Leclerc taking fourth and Carlos Sainz fifth.