Robinson has himself only recently returned to action after a back problem and will test his fitness in a four-day game for the England Lions against touring South Africa in Canterbury starting next Tuesday.
Sam Billings, who had been covering for concussed wicketkeeper Ben Foakes, drops out of the squad that beat India by seven wickets last month - a fourth win in a row for England under the new leadership of coach Brendon McCullum and captain Ben Stokes.
Robinson’s last test was against Australia in Hobart in January. He has 39 wickets at an average of 21.28 in his nine appearances to date.
The squad announced for the South Africa tests is for the first two matches of the series at Lord's and then Old Trafford (August 25th-29th) and will be reassessed ahead of the third and final game at The Oval (September 8th-12th).
England squad:
Ben Stokes (captain), James Anderson, Jonny Bairstow, Stuart Broad, Harry Brook, Zak Crawley, Ben Foakes, Jack Leach, Alex Lees, Craig Overton, Matthew Potts, Ollie Pope, Ollie Robinson, Joe Root